分布式太阳能有多种形式:从安装在家庭住宅上的典型小型阵列到大型仓库和工厂顶部的兆瓦级设备等等,每个部门都面临着各自的挑战和机遇。《光伏杂志》已经找到了极可能影响这些屋顶部门在2018年及以后发展局势的五大问题。
1、中国的住宅太阳能将如何满足其潜力?IHS Markit 估计,中国2018年将有约40万套安装量,累计容量达到2 GW,成为全球第二大住宅屋顶光伏市场,而2021年将超越美国成为全球最大的市场。但阻碍国内住宅光伏发展的障碍众多。
2、美国的屋顶光伏为何如此昂贵,可如何降低成本?Sungevity前CEOAndrew Birch认为其主要原因是住宅光伏所涉及的地方许可和电气代码方面的各种繁复文件。如果能得以简化,也许能解决这一问题。
3、欧洲各国政府可如何支持屋顶光伏?各国政府也许可以通过取消太阳能电池板的贸易措施来支持屋顶光伏发电。
4、英国如何才能最大限度地提高屋顶光伏发电的公众支持率和信誉度?可以采取的措施有:让屋顶太阳能可用于自我消费;给予太阳能和储能更多的资本补贴;让大型太阳能能在差价合约(CfD)拍卖中获得公平竞争的机会等。
5、住宅部门的美学外观有多重要?有相当一部分人固执地认为典型的太阳能电池板相当难看。而奥地利的Kioto Solar 公司一直致力于解决这一问题。其外观出众的Mein Kraftwerk产品旨在尽力消除这种审美恐惧。
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