英国沃里克大学(Warwick University)的科学家们发现了一种在纳米层面改变半导体结构的方法，它可以将几种材料的电池效率提高到理论极限之外。
科学家们将这一发现称为“柔性光伏效应”，它可以通过改变半导体材料的单个晶体，将更多的能量从太阳能电池中释放出来，从而使它们呈现出光伏效应。
在某些类型的半导体中，有围绕中心点的不完美对称现象，它能产生比材料带隙更大的电压，使材料的转化效率非常低。但沃里克大学物理系的科学家们发现了一种使材料翻倍有效的方法，并改变了它们的结构，使它们呈现出光伏效应。
研究人员研究了钛酸锶、二氧化钛和硅晶体，发现这三种晶体都会变形，都会呈现光伏效应。
扩大可从光伏效应中获益的材料范围有几个优点：不需要形成任何类型的纽结；任何具有更好光吸收的半导体都可被选用于太阳能电池，最后是可以克服电力转换效率的热力学极限，即所谓的Shockley Queisser 极限。
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