印度尼西亚能源和矿产资源部通过了一项新法令(49/2018号部长法令),允许住宅、商业和工业屋顶光伏系统的业主们按净计量方案向电网出售多余的电力。
政府希望新的法规能在未来三年内给印尼带来约1GW的新增光伏装机容量,并让光伏系统业主们的能源账单能减少30%。政府表示,新规将有利于那些自耗比例较高的光伏设施,且只会有极低的电量出售给公用事业机构。
然而人们对该方案的吸引力提出了质疑。印尼基础服务改革研究所所长Fabby Tumiwa认为,新规对增加发电量没有太大的吸引力,因为多余电力的销售价格太低,需要11-12年才能收回投资。而30%的能源账单节省相当于7年或更短的投资回报期限。
2017年4月,印尼还曾通过了一项法律支持大型光伏发电。过去两年,该国已经宣布了一些大型太阳能项目的建设。而根据国际可再生能源署(International Renewable Energy Agency)的数据,印尼至2016年底的光伏装机容只有80兆瓦。
印尼政府和亚洲开发银行(Asian Development Bank)也在计划为该国电气化程度较低的地区实施微电网方案。
印尼希望至2025年将可再生能源的份额从目前的约14%左右提升至23%。实现这一目标将需要新增14.9吉瓦的可再生能源容量。该国目前的发电装机容量约为62吉瓦,其中只有8.5吉瓦来自可再生能源。
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