瑞士的WSL雪崩研究所(WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF)联合瑞士联邦理工学院(Swiss Federal Institute of Technology)开展了一项研究,探索在阿尔卑斯高山地区安装光伏系统的潜力。其目的是利用高山地区的优势,减少冬季由于雾、云和较低太阳辐射而导致的太阳能发电量季节性减少。
这一团队的研究报告发表在《美国国家科学院院院刊》上。文中称,提升高海拔地区光伏系统发电量的关键,是太阳能电池板的放置角度必须比惯常角度更陡峭,以便利用冬季的高辐照度和高地面反射辐射。如此安装太阳能电池板,可大幅降低设施安装所需的地表面积,而更陡峭的倾斜角度,可多获得高达50%的产电量。
研究人员表示,在阿尔卑斯雪山上安装太阳能电池板,有可能帮助瑞士实现该国在2050年能源战略中所设定的目标——让该国的五座核电站在运行寿命结束时全部停运。
该项研究还显示,相较于瑞士高原建筑物屋顶上的装置,高山地区光伏系统的产电量将会更大,因而更能弥补该国由于放弃核电设施而带来的供电不足的问题。
这一研究结果还显示,当太阳能光伏安装在高海拔地区后,能显著填补未来风力发电、水力发电和地热发电的缺口。
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