瑞典查尔姆斯理工大学(Chalmers University of Technology)的研究人员,开发出一种传感器,它可以克服氢燃料电池运输的最大障碍之一,即氢气与氧气结合时气体极易燃烧。这一研究成果,能给氢动力汽车的开发带来巨大的飞跃。
以水为唯一排放物的氢气,其作为运输能源的优势毋庸置疑,但只要有4%的气体与空气混合,它就会产生高度易燃的氢氧气体,使氢动力汽车极易发生高速爆炸。因此,为了使氢动力运输成为可能,就需要有最迅速、最灵敏的氢泄漏检测系统。
查尔姆斯理工大学研究团队已经在《自然材料》杂志上发表了其研究成果——他们发明了史上首款可以在一秒钟内检测到空气中0.1%氢气的传感器。
科学家们开发出的这一优化纳米传感器,其检测氢泄漏过程中产生的等离子体的能力,通过包裹在套件周围的塑料屏蔽罩得到了增强。当传感器中的金属纳米粒子被照亮并捕获可见光时,就会产生等离子体。通过对塑料和传感器间的最佳平衡性进行测试,科学家们能够最大限度地提高传感器的响应能力和灵敏度。
来自查尔姆斯理工大学物理系的研究员Ferry Nugroho表示,他们不仅开发出了世界上最快的氢气传感器,而且这种传感器具有长期的稳定性,不会失效。与其他氢传感器不同,新型传感器因为有塑料屏蔽罩的保护,因而不需要经常进行再次校准。
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