香港科技大学的科学家们开发了一种基于透明光伏(TPV)和透明太阳能吸收器(TSA)的双波段选择性太阳能收集(SSH)窗户。TSA用来将紫外(UV)或近红外(NIR)光转换成热能。
他们解释说:“收集的热能是通过通风空气提取的,可以在寒冷季节为室内空间供暖,或在炎热季节减轻室内制冷负载。我们证明了SSH窗户的可见光透射率为42%,太阳能-电能转换效率达到了0.75%,且通风空气温度升高10摄氏度。”
该研究小组使用基于铜铟硫化物和硫化锌(CuInS2/ZnS)量子点(QD)的发光太阳能聚光器(TPV)作为外窗。它能够收集紫外光,并将其传送到位于透明基板边缘的不透明光伏设备上用于发电。而TSA被用来制造产生并收集热量的窗户内侧。
该小组表示:“热能主要从间隙内的通风空气中提取,并用作各种用途,例如在寒冷季节为室内空间供暖。”
这些学者通过将TPV元件与内侧的TSA组装在一起,制作了一个30厘米x30厘米x2.4厘米的原型。他们声称,该设备表现出显着的可见光透射率,且每平方米能产生6瓦电力和大约150瓦的热能。
他们表示:“热能是发电量的25倍,这表明收集热能对于建筑集成太阳能收集窗户来说是最重要的。通过空气通风收集热能,在建筑空间供暖应用的典型操作条件下,总体有效效率估计可逾30%。”
他们在最近发表于《先进科学》上的“用于全光谱利用的选择性太阳能收集窗户(Selective Solar Harvesting Windows for Full-Spectrum Utilization)”一文中阐述了这项研究成果。
他们说:“与普通玻璃相比,SSH窗户每年可以节省高达61.5%的采暖、通风和空调(HVAC)能耗,且其发电量占到年节能量的19.1%。”
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