ICRA表示,预计近期电池成本下降将推动印度电池储能系统(BESS)项目普及。印度目前最主要的储能选择包括BESS和抽水蓄能项目。
ICRA预计,包括大型水电站在内的可再生能源发电量占全印发电量的比例,将从目前不到25%提高到2030财年的40%左右,这主要得益于目前正进行的大规模增容。达到如此高的比例离不开储能系统开发,以管理与风能和太阳能发电相关的间歇性。
储能系统还可在提高电网稳定性、提供辅助支持服务和转移峰值负荷方面发挥作用。自电力部发布BESS项目招标指南以来,中央节点机构和各州配电公司已进行多次招标,投标采用固定电价,以可用性和往返效率为基础。
ICRA高级副总裁兼企业评级部门主管Girishkumar Kadam表示:“BESS招标的公布电价从2022年8月Solar Energy Corp. of India(SECI)首次招标的INR 10.84 lakh ($12,987)/MW/月,降至2024年3月古吉拉特邦最新招标的INR 4.49 lakh/MW/月,降幅超过一半,反映了电池价格下降和此类项目竞争力的提高。项目可行性仍与BESS的资本成本息息相关。根据2023年$140/kWh的平均电池成本及相关税费和电厂平衡成本,预计资本成本将在$220/kWh至$230/kWh之间。”
在到2021年的十年间,电池成本下降有助于降低储能成本和BESS项目在全球范围普及。虽然2022年价格有所上涨,但在原材料价格趋于平缓的带动下,2023年价格降至历史最低点。ICRA表示,更低的电池价格是提高BESS项目普及率的关键。
Kadam说:“与PSP水电项目相比,BESS项目的执行风险较低,酝酿期较短。总体而言,电池价格持续下降和此类项目相对较短的酝酿期有望支持其以后被更广泛地应用于储能领域。”
作者:UMA GUPTA
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