根据德国联邦网络局的数据,德国电网运营商在2024年实施电网拥堵管理措施的容量达30,304 GWh,低于前年的34,297GWh。这些措施的实施总成本从2023年的33.3亿欧元下降至27.7亿欧元(30.8亿美元),为2021年以来的最低水平。
电网拥堵管理包括减少上游太阳能发电厂的上网电量,同时增加下游其他发电厂的发电量,以优化电网负荷,防止供应瓶颈。当工厂停产时,操作人员会得到经济补偿,就像没有发生任何干预一样。
2024年,可再生能源电厂的削减容量占可再生能源发电总量的3.5%,其中96.5%的电量被输入电网。尽管可再生能源发电量下降了10%,但可再生能源电厂运营商获得了5.54亿欧元的限电补偿,比2023年减少了4%。德国联邦网络局将这种差异归因于批发电价的下降。
2024年,光伏限电总量为1,389 GWh,比上年增长97%。德国联邦网络局将这一增长归因于装机容量的扩大和2024年夏季异常高的太阳辐射。
巴伐利亚州的光伏限电量最高,消减容量达986 GWh。
风能限电量仍高于太阳能。海上风电限电总量为4,562 GWh,陆上风电限电总量为3,384 GWh,分别比2023年下降了20%和15%。德国联邦网络局解释说,尽管12月天气强劲,但相较2023年,2024年全年普遍少风天气。
为了弥补限电损失,电网运营商将化石燃料发电厂的上网电量增加了8,322 GWh,比2023年减少了近25%。
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